基于ASPEN PLUS的磷酸二铵装置尾气洗涤及余热回收研究

利用脱盐水间接冷凝尾气中的水蒸气以减少白雾的排放和回收尾气的低温位余热,同时使用ASPEN PLUS软件对尾气洗涤塔及余热回收过程进行模拟。结果表明,该软件模拟结果与现场测量参数较为吻合,可用于指导生产,并为装置改造提供依据。     

大型循环水系统的优化设计与软件应用结合的探讨

随着石化行业循环水系统的发展越来越趋向大型化,以及供水点要求条件的差异化．循环水管网的优化设计、循环水泵的正确选择乃至整个循环水系统设计的合理性应引起重视。结合工程实例,论述了软件在优化循环水管网设计以及指导循环水系统选泵方面的重要意义,达到了扫除设计盲点的目的,使设计更加准确、经济、合理。     

中低温煤焦油模拟蒸馏曲线解析

利用Origin软件中的解析功能,将中低温煤焦油样品的模拟蒸馏曲线转化为类实沸点蒸馏曲线。类实沸点蒸馏曲线是模拟蒸馏曲线的导函数曲线,是沸点与相应沸点下物质含量的关系图,与实沸点蒸馏曲线类似。通过类实沸点蒸馏曲线可知,随着终温的升高,轻质组分减少,重油增加,沥青含量由30%左右逐渐增加到50%;在350~420℃类实沸点曲线皆出现波峰,波峰沸点物质含量随着煤样热解终温的升高而依次减少。中低温热解以解聚反应为主,高温高能量有利于高键能键的断裂,低温低能量有利于低键能键的断裂。     

Heat Treatment and Chemical Composition of Fatty Acids and Rosin Acids Mixtures: Effects on Their Thermal Properties and Morphology

Mixtures of fatty acids and rosin acids are industrially important products utilized as a raw material for several purposes. Their thermal properties, especially cold stability and crystallization behavior is also important. Several fatty acid and rosin acid mixtures both from industrial products and from commercially available fatty and rosin acids were prepared and treated for 30 min at 80 °C under an inert atmosphere. Thereafter, the mixture was cooled to the desired temperature. Determination of the cloud point, chemical analysis of liquid and solid phase, thermal analysis by differential scanning calorimetry as well as morphology analysis by scanning electron microscopy were performed. The results revealed that crystallization was more rapid when it occurred at 10 °C compared to 25 °C. The crystal sizes increased with decreasing the crystallization temperature. Furthermore, crystals were of irregular shape and agglomerated when rapid cooling of the mixture occurred. Chemical analysis revealed that liquid phase was enriched with stearic acid, whereas crystals contained large amounts of abietic, dehydroabietic and linoleic acids. The cloud point of the mixtures increased with increasing amount of stearic and rosin acids. Dehydroabietic acid addition improved the cold stability of the synthetic fatty acid–rosin acids mixture.     

Integration of scheduling and control for batch processes using multi‐parametric model predictive control

Integration of scheduling and control results in Mixed Integer Nonlinear Programming (MINLP) which is computationally expensive. The online implementation of integrated scheduling and control requires repetitively solving the resulting MINLP at each time interval. (Zhuge and Ierapetritou, Ind Eng Chem Res. 2012;51:8550–8565) To address the online computation burden, we incorporare multi‐parametric Model Predictive Control (mp‐MPC) in the integration of scheduling and control. The proposed methodology involves the development of an integrated model using continuous‐time event‐point formulation for the scheduling level and the derived constraints from explicit MPC for the control level. Results of case studies of batch processes prove that the proposed approach guarantees efficient computation and thus facilitates the online implementation. © 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 60: 3169–3183, 2014     

论新型城镇化必须重视产城统筹

在我国工业化与城市化的过程中,产业发展与城市建设的脱节现象已经成为一对比较明显的矛盾,这在城市新区建设和工业园区的发展中表现得尤为突出。产城统筹是推进新型工业化与新型城镇化的有效途径。我国工业化尚未完成,城市化发展正处于关键阶段,在新一轮新型工业化和新型城镇化的过程中,应当注重产业发展与城市建设的有机结合,实现“双轮驱动”,良性发展。     

主扇风机高效运行与稳健启动实现研究

高效运行与稳健启动,是对矿井主扇风机的两个基本要求。通过异步电机几种调速方式的对比,结合实例说明主扇风机采用的高压变频调速装置,具有优良的启动特性和调速性能,可实现风机特性曲线的合理变化,获得经济运行工况点,降低了能耗,实现了重载软启动,是先进的电气控制技术。     

低凝重质原油电脱盐影响因素及操作工艺参数分析

针对辽河低凝重质原油具有黏度大、密度高、酸值高、胶质沥青质含量高等特点,根据多年来加工辽河低凝油运行电脱盐设备的生产实践经验,对原油电脱盐的影响因素和操作工艺参数进行分析总结,结果表明:原油密度为911.1~965.9 kg/m3、混合阀适宜压差为30~80 Pa、水溶性破乳剂用量为8~10μg/g、温度为135~140℃、压力控制在0.8~1.2 MPa、注水量取5%(体积分数)、电场强度为700~1000 V/cm、停留时间为2~3 min符合加工辽河低凝原油电脱盐技术标准要求。     

低闪点原油作发电机燃料油方案研究

低闪点的原油作主机燃料油存在重大的安全隐患,会影响主机的正常运行。为了避免低闪点原油带来的风险,需提高原油的闪点,目前提高闪点的方法主要有闪蒸法和蒸馏法,其中闪蒸法有能耗小、安全性高、处理效率高等优点。本文以南海某油田油品进行分析,经厂家调研及模拟分析得出运用闪蒸法能显著提高原油闪点,达到了主机燃料油对闪点的要求,解决了燃油外购的弊端,对类似油田的开发具有重大的借鉴意义。     

UNIPOL PE气相流化床工艺冷凝态操作冷剂浓度分析

通过对神华包头煤化工聚乙烯装置冷凝态操作的研究,同时结合在实际生产过程中的操作经验,详细阐述了聚合反应热量动态平衡原理及冷凝态操作特点,并从异戊烷浓度对露点、反应系统稳定控制、催化剂活性、产品质量及静电控制等反应参数的影响进行分析,肯定了冷凝态操作对气相流化床工艺操作能力的优化及提升。